Monday 29 May 2017

Ontology (ภววิทยา), Epistemology (ญาณวิทยา) และ Methodology (ระเบียบวิธี)



Definitions of ontology (noun)
the branch of metaphysics dealing with the nature of being.
For such reasons as these Heidegger believes that ontology and phenomenology coincide.
Examples
The argument operated at the level of the fundamental ontology of the rival philosophies.
It was not all that concerned with the ontology or metaphysics of the natural sciences.
What is the value of a vitalist materialism compared to say Adorno's materialist ontology ?
Thus, morals, I reckon, are derived from truths about ontology .
Metaphysics is a branch of philosophy consisting of ontology and cosmology.
For such reasons as these Heidegger believes that ontology and phenomenology coincide.
This particular official chooses not to be limited by scientific ontology .
The argument was directed at the individualist ontology of existentialism in favour of a more communitarian one.
Plato's ontology was contained in his theory of Ideas or Forms.
This question, we have seen, is also a central concern in Mead's ontology and epistemology.
What is being questioned in Heidegger's ontology is the move from existent to existence.
Heidegger interprets such judgements as belonging to general metaphysics or ontology .
Since epistemology follows ontology , humans are the ones that determine what is true and what it not true.
Recourse to sets, on the other hand, is a drastic ontological move, a retreat from the austere ontology of impressions.
Yet defending praise and blame is not simply a matter of moral ontology and epistemology.
These include matters of epistemology, ontology , semantics, and logic.
Yet there has been real overlap between philosophy and cognitive science in ontology .
One might have a generic naturalistic ontology - everything is the result of mechanistic processes.
Hegel develops his rational ontology of gender within a logic of oppositions.
From the philosophical point of view, what this teaching does is to shift the focus of investigation from ontology to epistemology.
This is simply because any entity's ontological category is very plausibly one of its essential features.
But we were looking for a sense of ‘ontologically dependent’ in which it is true to say that Socrates's life is ontologically dependent upon him, but not vice versa.
Such steps have often been taken both by ontologists and apologists for movies.
In response, the ontologist observes that the medium may still have a nature, even if there are no stylistic mandates that follow from it.
The first is the identity theory or ontological reductionism.
Those who undertake this ontological questioning are doing philosophy.
The three different meanings are roughly as a phenomenological appropriation of phenomena, an ontologically determinative event, and the universal condition that gives time and being to humans.
‘Ontology’ is a grandiose name for a part of metaphysics: an ontologist attempts to determine what sort of things really exist, what are the fundamental entities of which the world consists.
We boast of our outlaw status as outsiders or marginals, as guerilla ontologists ; why then, do we continually beg for authenticity and validation (either as ‘reward’ or as ‘punishment’) from authority?
Though Heidegger understands technology ontologically he also understands ontology historically.

Definitions of epistemology (noun)
the theory of knowledge, especially with regard to its methods, validity, and scope. Epistemology is the investigation of what distinguishes justified belief from opinion.
The turn from epistemology to ontology was taken before Heidegger by Nicolai Hartmann.
Examples
He interprets the Critique of Pure Reason not as epistemology but as ontology.
This is a crucial element in contextualist epistemology , not a criticism of it.
It includes a number of books and articles that have nothing to do with epistemology and metaphysics.
The turn from epistemology to ontology was taken before Heidegger by Nicolai Hartmann.
A compartmentalized thinker who indulges in epistemology can destroy his knowledge, yet retain it as well.
Nietzsche never worked out his own epistemology in detail, nor is there any reason to think that he would have particularly wanted to.
Each can be seen as drawing an analogy with one or more strands of Marxist epistemology .
They work not just in philosophy of religion but in epistemology and metaphysics.
In addition, before I can figure out ethics for sure, I need to decide which epistemology I'm going to use.
These include matters of epistemology , ontology, semantics, and logic.
Crathorn had to face up to the skeptical consequences of this odd epistemology .
Yet defending praise and blame is not simply a matter of moral ontology and epistemology .
This position is far removed from Parmenidean metaphysics and epistemology .
For Berlin, the philosophy of history was tied not only to epistemology , but to ethics.
In modern epistemology , or theory of knowledge, certain assumptions are common.
In Britain, John Locke reacted against the innatism of Cartesian epistemology , but retained a theory of ideas.
You might say that this is the metaphysical residue not soaked up by Kantian epistemology .
The authentic scientific ring of Russell's logic echoed in his epistemology of natural knowledge, Quine wrote.
From the philosophical point of view, what this teaching does is to shift the focus of investigation from ontology to epistemology .
These are matters of what philosophers call epistemology , the study of knowledge.
So while Nietzsche may well have a genuine epistemological / metaphysical model of the world, it takes a lot of digging to find it.
Descartes' epistemological agenda has been the agenda of Western epistemology to this day.
I don't think I am doing him an injustice if I say that epistemologically he was essentially a logicist and positivist.
Nonetheless, many epistemologists argue that fundamental issues concerning skepticism and the nature of epistemic justification cannot be successfully handled by the resources of naturalism.
Rather than one producing the other, the two states are the same ontologically but different epistemologically .
Contemporary feminist epistemologists have pointed out how traditional philosophy's emphasis on rational, logical absolutes has devalued the ambiguities of the embodied life.
Like most pre-Cartesian epistemologists (if it makes sense to use that term before Descartes), he is more interested in explaining the process by which we come to have knowledge than he is in justifying knowledge claims.
Anyway, I don't think that chaos theory gives you epistemological conclusions that wouldn't have been clear without it.
This is not quite so straightforward an ‘empirical description’ as naturalistic epistemologists like to think.
Hence, reality is epistemologically dependent but ontologically independent of language.

Definitions of methodology (noun)
a system of methods used in a particular area of study or activity.
a methodology for investigating the concept of focal points
Examples
a methodology for investigating the concept of focal points
a methodology for investigating the concept of focal points
courses in research methodology and practice
The unique features of these chapters is its simple methodology and practical examples.
His punctiliousness knew no bounds when it came to the methodology of his research.
Does anyone have any suggestions for reading material to flesh out a research methodology ?
Is it because you are fond of them or is it because they are convenient as a form of technique in your methodology ?
The methodology for policy analysis is basically the same as that for policy-making.
I believe the best way to understand open source is as a methodology .
So, if you accept the wonky methodology and questionable assumptions of the research, do we have a problem?
He would not reveal the research methodology of the new system, which would be unveiled in a few weeks.
An important distinction between this work and the earlier studies relates to the methodology .
courses in research methodology and practice
The methodology of the study was such that a link between the vaccine and autism could not be proved.
The estimation methodology using this formula is explained in detail in the Appendix.
He later joined the National Institute of Mental Health, working as a research methodologist in the institute's suicide prevention program.
Wide variations in the prevalence rates are due largely to the differences in methodologies used in these studies.
I put it to you all that the time has arrived for you to turn your methodological tools upon yourselves.
It would be totally unrealistic and methodologically disingenuous to exclude it from the picture of the present value of external financial obligations.
Studies using different methodologies and outcome measures have given contrasting results.
Another limitation encountered in our study is directly related to methodologies .
The sociology of music is diverse in its approaches, its methodologies , and its areas of focus.
The team from Hong Kong University ran the best methodologically designed study on their own time. They did it out of intellectual curiosity and seeking the truth.
The revisionist project of the seventies and eighties continues to offer a methodologically sophisticated account of theological engagement with modern intellectual life.
And that gets me onto the more basic methodological issue about the difference in approach here.
In this review, he poked holes in the methodologies of those studies, but many of the criticisms were invalid.
In the view of some methodologists , the validity of a measure ought to be gauged by comparing it to measures of the same concept developed through other methods.
This publication is methodologically sound, but there are so few numbers we need a much, much larger study to confirm it.
There were important theoretical reviews, but the emphasis was in practical methodologies .
I'm no research methodologist , but how in the name of fortune could you frame appropriate questions?



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